Las otras candidaturas a vacuna contra el dengue

 En el siguiente gráfico que procede de Dengue Vacciones Iniciative (DVI)  se presenta la  relación de los más avanzados candidatos a poner en el mercado una vacuna contra el dengue y la CYD-TVD que ya ha sido registrada en México, Filipinas y Brasil, de la que hablé en la anterior entrada


 



















En esta tabla, que procede de un artículo de Schwartz en  Vaccine  que he actualizado con las fases que indica el más reciente artículode la gráfica de arriba de (DVI)   se presenta información sobre ocho de los candidatos:

Vaccine candidate	Manufacturer	Vaccine type	Mechanism of attenuation or inactivation	Clinical phase
CYD	Sanofi Pasteur	Live attenuated	Yellow fever vaccine backbone, premembrane and envelope proteins from wildtype dengue virus	Registro
DENVax	Takeda	Live attenuated	Wildtype DEN2 strain attenuated in primary dog kidney cells and further attenuated by mutation in NS3 gene	II
TV003/TV005	NIAID and Butantan Institute	Live attenuated	Wildtype strains with genetic mutations	III
TDENV PIV	GSK and WRAIR	Purified inactivated	Formalin inactivated	I
V180	Merck	Recombinant subunit	Wildtype premembrane and truncated envelope protein via expression in the Drosophila S2 cell expression system	I
D1ME100	NMRC	DNA	Premembrane and envelope proteins of DENV1 are expressed under control of the human cytomegalovirus promoter/enhancer of the plasmid vector VR1012	I

Más información de los más avanzados candidatos:

•  la vacuna TV003 de la NIAID  que se encuentra en Fase 3, dice el NIH  

A large-scale clinical trial to evaluate whether a candidate vaccine can prevent the mosquito-borne illness dengue fever has been launched in Brazil. The vaccine, TV003, was developed by scientists in the laboratory of Stephen Whitehead, Ph.D., at NIH’s National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). The Butantan Institute, a non-profit producer of immunobiologic products for Brazil, licensed the NIAID dengue vaccine technology and is sponsoring the placebo-controlled, multi-center Phase 3 trial using test vaccine produced in Sao Paulo

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The new trial aims to enroll almost 17,000 healthy people aged 2 to 59 years in 13 cities, beginning in Sao Paulo. Two-thirds of the volunteers will receiv
e a single dose of the candidate vaccine, while one-third will receive an inactive placebo injection. Neither participants nor study staff will know which of the two groups a volunteer is in. All volunteers will be monitored for five years through a combination of in-person visits to the health clinic and telephone or text communications from the investigators. The goal of the trial is determine if the candidate vaccine prevents dengue fever and to provide additional information about its safety. Although the trial is scheduled to last five years, the investigators hope to have early indications of the potential efficacy of the vaccine in less than two years. The principal investigator is Alexander Precioso, M.D., Ph.D., of the Butantan Institut

• sobre la vacuna DVI  de Takeda dice el artículo de Schwartz

The DENVax vaccine candidate contains a mixture of whole live-attenuated DENV2 and chimeric DENV1, DENV3, DENV4 based on the attenuated DENV2 backbone. These are based on the previously developed DEN-2 PDK-53 vaccine. A wild-type DEN2 strain from a symptomatic patient in Thailand was attenuated by 53 serial passages in primary dog kidney (PDK) cells. The DEN-2 PDK-53 vaccine was originally derived at Mahidol University in Bangkok, Thailand, and has been tested preclinically and clinically since the late 1980s. The current DENVax vaccine is further attenuated by a mutation in the NS3 gene. DENVax vaccine strains for serotypes 1, 3 and 4 were created by replacing the premembrane and envelope proteins of the DEN-2 PDK-53-V with genes from the respective dengue virus wild type serotype [35].